2021河南专升本专业英语真题及答案解析

Part Ⅰ．Reading Comprehension

Directions: There are 4 passages in this part. Each passage is followed by some questions or incomplete statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. You should decide on the best choice and then mark the corresponding letter on the ANSWER SHEET.

Passage One

Do parents owe their children anything? Yes, they owe their children a great deal.

One of their chief duties is to give their children a sense of personal worth. A youngster, who is often made to feel stupid and compared to brighter brothers, sisters or cousins, will not feel confident and become so afraid of failing that he won't try at all. Of course, they should be corrected when they do something wrong, which is the way children learn. But praise should be valued as much as criticism.

Parents owe their children firm guidance. It is frightening for a youngster to feel that he is in charge of himself. It's like being in a car without brakes. The parents who say "no" when other parents say "yes" send a double message. They are also saying, "We love you, and we are ready to risk your anger, because we don't want you to get into trouble."

Parents owe their children a correct opinion about their body, and enough information about sex to balance the wrong information that they will surely receive from their friends.

Parents owe their children privacy and respect for their personal things. This means not borrowing things without being permitted, not reading diaries or mail, and not looking through wallets, pockets or drawers.

Parents owe their children a set of solid values around which children build their lives. This means teaching them to respect the rights and opinions of others. It means respecting elders, teachers and the law. The best way to teach such values is leading by example. A child who is lied to will lie. A youngster who sees no laughter and no love in the home will have a difficult time laughing and loving.

No child asks to be born. If you bring a child into the world, you owe the child something. And if you give him his due, he'll have something of value to pass down to your grandchildren.

1、 According to the passage, parents owe their children the following things EXCEPT ______.

A. privacy

B. ears

C. a sense of personal worth

D. a correct opinion about their body

2、 The author thinks that teenagers are frightened when they are in charge of themselves because ______.

A. they don't know how to stop a ear without brakes

B. there is no one to respect them

C. there is no one to guide them

D. they are afraid of being left alone

3、 Parents are advised to show love to their children by ______.

A. saying "yes" to everything the children ask for

B. refusing their children something

C. never embracing children

D. never criticizing children

4、 The underlined word "due" in the last paragraph means ______.

A. what should be given to someone

B. something one should do or finish before a fixed time

C. reasonable explanation or plans

D. the money to be paid

5、 Which of the following statements is true according to the passage?

A. It is better to compare a youngster to his brighter brothers because it will make him try harder.

B. Parents prefer to let their children be in charge of their own lives at an early age.

C. Children shouldn't be corrected because it destroys their self-esteem.

D. Children learn much by seeing what their parents do.

Passage Two

Ernest Miller Hemingway was born on July 21,1899 in Oak Park, Illinois. In the nearly sixty two years of his life that followed, he built a literary fame unsurpassed (无法超越的) in the twentieth century.

As a boy he was taught by his father to hunt and fish along the shores and in the forests around Lake Michigan. The Hemingways had a summer house in northern Michigan, and the family would spend the summer months there trying to stay cool. Hemingway would either fish the different streams that ran into the lake, or take the small boat out to do some fishing there. He would also go squirrel hunting in the woods, discovering early in life the peace to be found while alone in the forest or going through a stream. It was something he could always go back to throughout his life, and though he often found himself living in major cities like Chicago, Toronto and Paris early in his life, once he became successful he chose somewhat isolated places to live in.

When he wasn't hunting or fishing, his mother taught him the good points of music. She was a skilled singer who once had wished a life on stage, but at last settled down with her husband and spent her time in giving voice and music lessons to local children, including her own. Hemingway was never talented in music and suffered through singing practices and music lessons; however, the musical knowledge he got from his mother helped him share in his first wife Hadley's interest in the piano.

6、 Ernest Hemingway died in ______.

A. 1969                               B. 1979

C. 1981                               D. 1961

7、 Which of the following statements is NOT true according to the passage?

A. His father taught him to fish and hunt when he was a boy.

B. His family had a summer house in northern Michigan.

C. He taught himself music when he was a boy.

D. He also went squirrel hunting in the woods.

8、 After he became successful, Ernest Hemingway ______.

A. preferred to stay in big cities

B. chose to live in somewhat isolated places

C. moved his family to Paris

D. killed himself

9、 Being talented in music, Hemingway's mother once wanted to

A. be a music teacher

B. help Hemingway learn music

C. perform on stage as a singer

D. marry a rich husband

10、 The passage is most probably from ______.

A. a literary biography                   B. a science textbook

C. a term paper                         D. a personal diary

Passage Three

Junk food is everywhere. We're eating way too much of it. Most of us know what we're doing and yet we do it anyway.

So here's a suggestion offered by two researchers at the Rand Corporation: Why not take a lesson from alcohol control policies and apply them to where food is sold and how it's displayed?

"Many policy measures to control obesity(肥胖) assume that people consciously and rationally choose what and how much they eat and therefore focus on providing information and more access to healthier foods," note the two researchers.

"In contrast," the researchers continue, "many regulations that don't assume people make rational choices have been successfully applied to alcohol control, a substance—like food—of which immoderate consumption leads to serious health problems."

The research references studies of people's behavior with food and alcohol and results of alcohol restrictions, and then lists five regulations that the researchers think might be promising if applied to junk food. Among them:

Density restrictions: licenses to sell alcohol aren't handed out arbitrarily to all applicants but are allotted (分配) based on the number of places in an area that already sell alcohol. These restrictions make alcohol less easy to get and reduce the number of psychological cues to drink.

Similarly, the researchers say, being presented with junk food stimulates our desire to eat it. So why not limit the density of food outlets, particularly ones that sell food rich in empty calories? And why not limit the sale of food in places that aren't primarily food stores?

Display and sales restrictions: California has a rule prohibiting alcohol displays near the cash registers in gas stations, and in most places you can't buy alcohol at drive-through facilities. At supermarkets, food companies pay to have their wares in places where they're easily seen. One could remove junk food to the back of the store and ban them from the shelves at checkout lines. The other measures include restricting portion sizes, taxing and prohibiting special price deals for junk food, and placing warning labels on the products.

11、 What does the author say about junk food?

A. People should be educated not to eat too much.

B. It is widely consumed despite its ill repute.

C. Its temptation is too strong for people to resist.

D. It causes more harm than is generally realized.

12、 What do the Rand researchers think of many of the policy measures to control obesity?

A. They should be implemented effectively.

B. They provide misleading information.

C. They are based on wrong assumptions.

D. They help people make rational choices.

13、 Why do policymakers of alcohol control place density restrictions?

A. Because few people are able to resist temptations of alcohol.

B. Because there are already too many stores selling alcohol.

C. Because drinking strong alcohol can cause social problems.

D. Because easy access leads to customers' overconsumption.

14、 What is the purpose of California's rule about alcohol display in gas stations?

A. To effectively limit the density of alcohol outlets.

B. To help drivers to give up the habit of drinking.

C. To prevent possible traffic jams in nearby areas.

D. To get alcohol out of drivers' immediate sight.

15、 What is the general guideline the Rand researchers suggest about junk food control?

A. Guiding people to make rational choices about food.

B. Enhancing people' s awareness of their own health.

C. Borrowing ideas from alcohol control measures.

D. Resorting to economic, legal and psychological means.

Passage Four

Global warming is causing more than 300,000 deaths and about $125 billion in economic losses each year, according to a report by the Global Humanitarian Forum, an organization led by Kofi Annan, the former United Nations secretary general.

The report, to be released on Friday, analyzed data and existing studies of health, disaster, population and economic trends. It found that human-influenced climate change was raising the global death rates from illnesses including malnutrition(营养不良) and heat-related health problems.

But even before its release, the report drew criticism from some experts on climate and risk, who questioned its methods and conclusions.

Along with the deaths, the report said that the lives of 325 million people, primarily in poor countries, were being seriously affected by climate change. It projected that the number would have doubled by 2030.

Roger Pielke Jr., a political scientist at the University of Colorado Boulder, who studies disaster trends, said the Forum's report was "a methodological embarrassment" because there was no way to distinguish deaths or economic losses related to human-driven global warming amid the much larger losses resulting from the growth in populations and economic development in vulnerable(易受伤害的) regions. Dr. Pielke said that—climate change is an important problem requiring our utmost attention. But the report, he said, "will harm the cause for action on both climate change and disasters because it is so deeply flawed(有瑕疵的)".

However, Soren Andreasen, a social scientist at Dalberg Global Development Partners who supervised the writing of the report, defended it, saying that it was clear that the numbers were rough estimates. He said the report was aimed at world leaders, who will meet in Copenhagen in December to negotiate a new international climate treaty.

In a press release describing the report, Mr. Annan stressed the need for the negotiations to focus on increasing the flow of money from rich to poor regions to help reduce their vulnerability to climate hazards while still curbing the emissions of the heat-trapping gases. More than 90% of the human and economic losses from climate change are occurring in poor countries, according to the report.

16、 What is the finding of the Global Humanitarian Forum?

A. Global temperatures affect the rate of economic development.

B. Rates of death from illnesses have risen due to global warming.

C. Malnutrition has caused serious health problems in poor countries.

D. Economic trends have to do with population and natural disasters.

17、 What do we learn about the Forum's report from the passage?

A. It was challenged by some climate and risk experts.

B. It aroused a lot of interest in the scientific circles.

C. It was warmly received by environmentalists.

D. It caused a big stir in developing countries.

18、 What does Dr. Pielke say about the Forum's report?

A. Its statistics look embarrassing.

B. It is invalid in terms of methodology.

C. It deserves our closest attention.

D. Its conclusion is purposely exaggerated.

19、 What is Soren Andreasen's view of the report?

A. Its conclusions are based on carefully collected data.

B. It is vulnerable to criticism if the statistics are closely examined.

C. It will give rise to heated discussions at the Copenhagen conference.

D. Its rough estimates are meant to draw the attention of world leaders.

20、 What does Kofi Annan say should be the focus of the Copenhagen conference?

A. How rich and poor regions can share responsibility in curbing global warming.

B. How human and economic losses from climate change can be reduced.

C. How emissions of heat-trapping gases can be reduced on a global scale.

D. How rich countries can help poor regions reduce climate hazards.

Part Ⅱ Cloze

Directions: There are 20 blanks in the following passage. For each blank there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. You should choose the ONE that best fits into the passage and mark the corresponding letter on the ANSWER SHEET.

People from different cultures sometimes do things that make each other uncomfortable, sometimes without realizing it. Most Americans  21   out of the country and have very  22   experience with foreigners. But they are usually spontaneous (朴实的), friendly and open, and enjoy  23   new people, having guests and bringing people together formally or informally. They tend to use first names  24   most situations and speak freely  25   themselves. So if your American hosts do something that  26   you uncomfortable, try to let them know  27   you feel. Most people will  28   your honesty and try not to make you uncomfortable again. And you'll  29   something about another culture!

Many travelers find  30   easier to meet people in the U.S.  31   in other countries. They may just come  32   and introduce themselves or even invite you over  33   they really know you. Sometimes Americans are said to be  34   Perhaps it seems so, but they are probably just  35   a good time. Just like anywhere else, it  36   time to become real friends  37   people in the U.S.

If and  38   you stay with American friends, they will probably  39   introducing you to their friends and family, and if they seem proud  40   you, it's probably because they are. Relax and enjoy it!

21、 A. have never been                      B. have been never

C. has never been                         D. has been never

22、 A. a little         B. little             C. much            D. a great deal

23、 A. meet           B. to meet           C. meeting           D. to have met

24、 A. on              B. among            C. under            D. in

25、 A. of             B. on               C. in               D. about

26、 A. make           B. makes            C. made             D. making

27、 A. how            B. why              C. when             D. where

28、 A. praise          B. judge             C. appreciate        D. believe

29、 A. research        B. learn             C. inquire           D. earn

30、 A. it            B. this            C. them           D. that

31、 A. where          B. when             C. than              D. why

32、 A. on              B. by                C. off               D. up

33、 A. when           B. before            C. though            D. if

34、 A. superficially friend                    B. superficial friend

C. superficial friendly                    D. superficially friendly

35、 A. having          B. taking            C. creating          D. getting

36、 A. spends         B. gains             C. takes             D. obtains

37、 A. with            B. among            C. to                D. in

38、 A. after            B. though            C. where            D. when

39、 A. hate            B. forbid            C. enjoy             D. avoid

40、 A. knowing                              B. to know

C. know                                 D. having known

Part Ⅲ Error Correction

Directions: There are 10 sentences.  Each of the following sentences has four underlined parts marked A, B, C and D. You are required to identify the one that is incorrect, and then write the corresponding letter and the correct answer on the ANSWER SHEET.

41、 Reading the book, he returned it to the library and borrowed another one to read.

42、 It was not until yesterday afternoon which I knew the reason why he had left the meeting room suddenly.

43、 Dr. Bell has given some lectures, visited the Imperial Palace and went shopping in the downtown during his stay in Beijing last time.

44、 Henry is determined to go to the little cafe by himself, because the background music there sounds softly to him.

45、 After driving for twenty mile or so, the couple suddenly realized that they were driving in the wrong direction.

46、 The experts come to the conclusion when this summer will be much hotter than before.

47、  Not only cellphones but also email have been playing an important role in our daily communication for a long time.

48、 Some students feel like to go abroad for further study after graduation from university instead of hunting for a job.

49、  If you get to my house before I do tomorrow, please help yourself to a drink and make yourself in home.

50、 Under no circumstances we should waste time, even when we think we have nothing to do.

Part Ⅳ Sentence Arrangement

Directions: There is a passage in this part. The passage consists of two paragraphs. In the second paragraph there are 5 sentences marked with numbers. You are required to arrange the sentences in the correct order, and then write the corresponding number on the ANSWER SHEET.

The Lantern Festival, one of China's most important traditional festivals, falls on the 15th day of the 1st lunar month. As early as more than 2,000 years ago, in the Western Han dynasty, it had become a festival of great significance. Till today, it is still celebrated each year around the country. Many different activities are held to celebrate the Lantern Festival. On this day, Chinese people craft many types of beautiful lanterns. At the same time, various performances will be staged.

①Except eating tangyuan, the tradition of the Lantern Festival involves a game to guess riddles attached to the lanterns in all shapes and sizes. ②Like most Chinese festivals, the Lantern Festival has its own special food, which is called tangyuan. ③Besides, stilt-walking, drumming and dragon and lion dancing are the main entertainment forms of the Lantern Festival. ④Tangyuan, with its shape like a ball and its pronunciation similar to "tuanyuan" in Chinese, is said to symbolize both the first full moon of a lunar year and the family reunion. ⑤In the old days the riddles were obscure literary allusions to the Chinese classics.

51、 ______

52、 ______

53、 ______

54、 ______

55、 ______

Part Ⅴ Translation

Directions: Translate the following sentences into English and write your answers on the ANSWER SHEET.

56、 过去十年，在线教育获得了长足进展。

57、 他刚上任，公司就出现了许多新问题。

58、不管我们想做什么，只要我们脚踏实地，就一定会有收获。

59、“天问一号”成功登陆火星，使中国成为继美国和俄罗斯之后第三个登陆火星的国家。

60、正因为一步步地实现一个又一个的短期目标，她在科学领域获得了不断的突破。

Directions: Translate the following sentences into Chinese and write your answer on the ANSWER SHEET.

61、 Honesty means telling the truth and being fair and just in conduct. Considered as a virtue, it is valued in almost every country and every culture. For one thing, if you want to be trusted and respected, you must be honest. A liar is always looked down upon by the people around. For another, if you want to succeed in your work, honesty is the first quality you should have.

Part Ⅵ Writing

62、Directions: For this part, you' re required to write a composition on the topic The Influence of the News Media based on the outline given in English below. Please write it on the ANSWER SHEET with at least 160 words.

1. The news media has become influential in our lives;

2. Some people think it is positive while others hold it is negative;

3. State your viewpoints.

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