2022河南专升本专业英语真题及答案解析

Part Ⅰ Reading Comprehension

Directions: There are 4 passages in this part. Each passage is followed by some questions or incomplete statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. You should decide on the best choice and then mark the corresponding letter on the ANSWER SHEET.

Passage One

There have been many great inventions, things that changed the way we live. The first great invention was one that is still very important today—the wheel. This made it easier to carry heavy things and to travel long distances.

For hundreds of years after that there were few inventions that had as much effect as the wheel. Then in the early 1800's the world started to change. There was little unknown land left in the world. People didn't have to explore much anymore. They began to work instead to make life better.

In the second half of the 19th century many great inventions were made. Among them were the camera, the light and the radio. These all became a big part of our life today. The first part of the 20th century saw more great inventions. The helicopter in 1909. Movies with sound in 1926. The computer in 1928. And jet planes in 1930. This was also a time when a new material was first made. Nylon came out in 1935. It changed the kind of clothes people wore.

By this time most people had a very good life. Man had a desire to explore again. The world was known to man but the stars were not. Man began looking for ways to go into space. Russia made the first step. Then the United States took a step. Since then other countries, including China and Japan, have made their steps into space. In 1969 man took his biggest step from the earth. Americans first walked on the moon. This is certainly just a beginning. New inventions will someday allow us to do things we have never yet dreamed of.

1、 This passage mainly talks about ______.

A. why cars were very important

B. when light was invented

C. which country made the first step into space

D. how inventions affect people's life

2、 Nylon came out nearly at the same time as ______.

A. radio                                  B. cameras

C. jet planes                            D. movies

3、 Which of the statements is not true? ______

A. There were many other inventions having as much effect as the wheel in the following hundreds of years.

B. America, Russia, Japan and China began to explore the stars before 1969.

C. In the early 1800's people began to work instead of exploring more unknown land to make life better.

D. New inventions will change our life greatly in the future.

4、 What does "a desire" mean in the sentence "Man had a desire to explore again."? ______

A. A good way.                           B. A new invention.

C. A strong wish.                         D. A wonderful idea.

5、 Man didn't have a desire to explore a lot ______.

A. at the beginning of the 1800's

B. in the 1960's

C. since the 1900's

D. from the 1800's to the 1960's

Passage Two

There is a popular belief among parents that schools are no longer interested in spelling. No school I have taught in has ever ignored spelling or considered it unimportant as a basic skill. There are, however, vastly different ideas about how to teach it, or how much priority it must be given over general language development and writing ability. The problem is how to encourage a child to express himself freely and confidently in writing without holding him back with the complexities of spelling.

If spelling becomes the only focal point of his teacher's interest, clearly a clever child will be likely to "play safe". He will tend to write only words within his spelling range, choosing to avoid adventurous language. That's why teachers often encourage the early use of dictionaries and pay attention to content rather than technical ability.

I was once shocked to read on the bottom of a sensitive piece of writing about a personal experience: "This work is terrible! There are far too many spelling errors and your writing is illegible." It may have been a sharp criticism of the pupil's technical abilities in writing, but it was also a sad reflection on the teacher who had omitted to read the essay, which contained some beautiful expressions of the child's deep feelings. The teacher was not wrong to draw attention to the errors, but if his priorities had centered on the child's ideas, an expression of his disappointment with the presentation would have given the pupil more motivation to seek improvement.

6、 Teachers are different in their opinions about ______.

A. the difficulties in teaching spelling

B. the necessity of teaching spelling

C. the complexities of the basic writing skills

D. the role of spelling in general language development

7、 The expression "play safe" probably means "______".

A. to write carefully

B. to avoid using words one is not sure of

C. to do as teachers say

D. to use dictionaries frequently

8、 Teachers encourage the use of dictionaries so that ______.

A. teachers will have less trouble in correcting mistakes

B. students will have more confidence in writing

C. students will be able to express their ideas more freely

D. students will learn to be independent of teachers

9、 The major point discussed in the passage is ______.

A. the relationship between spelling and content of a composition

B. the importance of developing writing skills

C. the correct way of marking compositions

D. the complexities of spelling

10、 The author seems to think that the teacher's judgment on that sensitive piece of writing is ______.

A. unfair                                B. reasonable

C. foolish                              D. careless

Passage Three

A recent survey by China Youth Daily shows that 85.5 percent of young Chinese are willing to take up side jobs. Of the 2,454 respondents aged from 18 to 35, nearly 12 percent have already had a side job in addition to their full-time work. The attitude toward having side jobs varies among young people. About 72 percent believe that side jobs provide more possibilities, while 63.5 percent said that side hustles enrich spiritual life and offer a more colorful life outside of work.

Liu Qing, a young employee in Beijing who said she was planning to start a side job, warned that some young people think the standards for establishing a side business are low—they start casually, doing whatever job they want, even if it may not be suitable for them. "I think that if you want to be successful in your side job, you must do effective market research and understand how your skill set fits in the market," she said.

"Some young people choose side jobs out of proactive consideration," Wang Ting, a professor of China University of Political Science and Law, told China Youth Daily. "For example, they start with their own hobbies, so that their professional abilities and expertise can be improved through it, and they can make more valuable contributions to society. This is worth encouraging," Wang said.

"While, there are also some young people who passively choose to do side jobs just because their full-time job is unable to meet their personal, family and material needs. This may be very stressful, and it would be difficult to have time to take care of their family after work, and cannot guarantee or improve the quality of their full-time jobs," the professor added.

11、 How does Liu Qing think about doing a successful side job? ______

A. Conduct a rough market survey.

B. Develop skills needed by the market.

C. Establish a side business at a low level.

D. Attempt to do whatever they like.

12、 What does the underlined word "proactive" in Paragraph 3 mean? ______

A. Passive.                            B. Negative.

C. Active.                               D. Positive.

13、 What is important as for the choice of a side job in Wang Ting's opinion? ______

A. The income provided by the side job.

B. Whether it makes great contributions to society.

C. Taking your hobby and interest into consideration.

D. Improving one's professional abilities and expertise.

14、 What can be inferred from the last paragraph? ______

A. You can't live a better life without doing part-time work.

B. It is not advisable to do a part-time job entirely out of material considerations.

C. Doing a full-time job to the best of your ability is the most important.

D. It is impossible to ensure the quality of work while taking good care of family.

15、 Which do you think would be the best title for this passage? ______

A. A Sideline Choice for Young Chinese

B. How Your Skill Set Fits in the Market

C. Career Choice for Young Chinese

D. China Youth Should Make Contributions to Society

Passage Four

Online meetings may affect creativity, study finds. Many companies have moved online because of COVID-19, with work meetings around the world taking place on the Internet instead of in the office. But a recent study has found that online meetings may affect creative thinking.

The study, published in Nature, included 602 people who were divided into random pairs. Each pair was given five minutes to think of creative uses for one certain item, and then one minute to choose the most creative idea. Some pairs were asked to work together on a video call, while others worked in person. The results showed that the in-person pairs had more ideas than the virtual pairs.

Some researches were also done to see whether focusing on a screen could affect a person's creativity. Teams working together virtually spent more time looking directly at each other and remembered lots of their surroundings when asked later. The in-person pairs spent more time looking around the room but also had more ideas.

The researchers did the same study with 1,490 engineers. The pairs were asked to think of new product ideas and choose one as an idea for their company. The results were similar to the first study, with the engineers who met in person thinking of more product ideas, and the virtual pairs making slightly better decisions about which idea to choose.

The results suggest that businesses should think carefully about which tasks can be done online, and which—like thinking of new ideas—should be done in person.

16、 According to the passage, under the influence of COVID-19, besides offline meetings, some companies also have meetings ______.

A. airline          B. online            C. underline         D. outline

17、 How many pairs were there in the study published in Nature? ______

A. 602.          B. 1,490.          C. 745.            D. 301.

18、 What does the phrase "in person" in the passage mean? ______

A. Going somewhere and doing something oneself.

B. Communicating by email.

C. Asking someone else for help.

D. Experiencing something different.

19、 According to the last paragraph, the study results suggested that ______.

A. if a company wants to get more creative ideas, online meetings should be held

B. all tasks can be done online

C. if a company wants to get more creative ideas, in-person meetings should be held

D. businesses should pay less attention to which tasks can be done online

20、 Which of the following statements is NOT true? ______

A. The study published in Nature showed that online meetings might affect creativity.

B. The study with engineers showed that the virtual pairs made slightly better decisions about which idea to choose.

C. Focusing on a screen can affect a person's creativity.

D. The in-person pairs had fewer ideas than the virtual pairs.

Part Ⅱ Cloze

Directions: There are 20 blanks in the following passage. For each blank there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. You should choose the ONE that best fits into the passage and mark the corresponding letter on the ANSWER SHEET.

The Silk Road is a name given to the many trade routes that connected Europe and the Mediterranean(地中海) with the Asian world. The  21   is over 6,500 km long and got its name  22   the early Chinese traded silk along it. Although silk was the  23   trading item, there were many other goods that  24   along the Silk Road between Eastern Asia and Europe. In the course of time, medicine, perfumes, spices and livestock (家畜)  25   their way between continents.

The Chinese learned to  26   silk thousands of years ago. For a long time they were the only ones who knew how to make this  27   material. Only the emperor, his family and ministers were allowed to wear clothes made of  28  . For a long time the Chinese  29   this secret very  30  . The ancient Romans were the  31   Europeans who became aware of this wonderful material. Trading  32  , often with Indians as middlemen(中间人) who traded silk with the Chinese  33   gold and silver which they got from the Romans.

Traveling along the route was  34  . The hot desert, high mountains and sandstorms made traveling a rough thing. Most of the goods along the Silk Road were carried by caravans (商队). Traders sometimes brought goods from one  35   on the Silk Road to another, from where the goods would be  36   by someone else. Over the centuries people settled along the ancient route and many cities  37  . Later on there were fewer hardships to overcome,  38   by no means was it easy.

Religion, languages and diseases also spread along the Silk Road. Buddhism, which originated in India, spread to China along this route. European traders probably brought the plague (瘟疫) from Asia to Europe along the ancient road.

In the early Middle Ages, traffic along the route  39   because of the fall of the Roman Empire. Trading along the Silk Road became stronger again between the 13th and 14th centuries, when the

Mongols controlled central Asia. Afterwards, the Silk Road gradually  40   its importance, because new sea routes to Asia were discovered.

21、 A. corridor        B. voyage           C. route             D. railway

22、 A. though          B. unless            C. where            D. because

23、 A. only           B. main             C. real              D. exact

24、 A. rose           B. gathered         C. got              D. traveled

25、 A. found           B. searched          C. wounded          D. missed

26、 A. provide        B. neglect           C. make            D. carry

27、 A. precious        B. same             C. important         D. different

28、 A. cloth           B. cotton            C. silk              D. fiber

29、 A. guarded        B. shared           C. guided           D. learned

30、 A. curious         B. carefully         C. excitedly         D. happily

31、 A. unique         B. active            C. first             D. special

32、 A. compared      B. combined        C. supplied         D. started

33、 A. in place of                          B. in favor of

C. in exchange for                      D. in return for

34、 A. dangerous                           B. disappointing

C. enjoyable                           D. inspiring

35、 A. purpose        B. destination       C. time             D. desert

36、 A. exploded       B. performed        C. ruined            D. transported

37、 A. agreed         B. stretched         C. emerged          D. remained

38、 A. or             B. but              C. nor              D. so

39、 A. imported                            B. disappeared

C. continued                           D. decreased

40、 A. lost            B. gained           C. kept             D. denied

Part Ⅲ Error Correction

Directions: There are 10 sentences. Each of the following sentences has four underlined parts marked A, B,  C and D.  You are required to identify the one that is incorrect, and then write the corresponding letter and the correct answer on the ANSWER SHEET.

41、To be honest, I suggest you could ask him some specific questions about his past.

42、Comparing with those of 40 years ago,  standards of health care today have improved enormously.

43、Believe it or not, nowadays coursework as well as exam results are taken into account in schools.

44、As we all know, the reason why the injection needs repeating every year is because the virus often changes.

45、Feeling embarrassed under the circumstance, the boy pretended not see his friend.

46、More than ever before, the food industry is now paying attention in young consumers who have great purchasing power.

47、The notice says that a talk on Chinese history will give in the school hall next week.

48、That has been half a year since we came together to study in this university.

49、Not only she complained about the food in the new restaurant, she also refused to pay for it.

50、I am especial grateful for the many kindnesses you have shown my son during his stay here.

Part Ⅳ Sentence Arrangement

Directions: There is a passage in this part. The passage consists of two paragraphs. In the second paragraph there are 5 sentences marked with numbers. You are required to arrange the sentences in the correct order, and then write the corresponding number on the ANSWER SHEET.

Idioms are one of the characteristics of traditional Chinese culture. They have a fixed structure and a fixed statement, indicating certain meaning. They are ready-made sayings, similar to proverbs, but slightly different. Most idioms are derived from ancient Chinese literary works and are usually related to some myths, legends or historical events. They, which represent stories or allusions, are often different from modern Chinese in terms of word use. Chinese idioms are a unique way of expression in Chinese, mostly composed of four characters. The meaning of an idiom is often implied in its literal meaning, not a simple addition of its constituent meanings. It has a tight structure and we can not change the word order or increase or decrease the components.

①So idioms are widely used in daily conversation and literary creation. ②It is difficult to understand the exact meaning of an idiom without knowledge of its origin. ③Although highly concise and fixed in form, they usually can convey profound meaning vividly. ④Therefore, learning idioms helps people better understand traditional Chinese culture. ⑤Proper use of idioms can make one's language more expressive and communication more effective.

Part Ⅴ Translation

Directions: Translate the following sentences into English and write your answers on the ANSWER SHEET.

56、科技改变了许多年轻人打发闲暇时间的方式。

57、她经常自己拿主意，而不是盲目听从父母的意见。

58、给我留下印象最深的是他们都受过很多苦。

59、这些工人对于在短期内实现这个工厂的现代化有很大信心。

60、中国祖先对于东、西、南、北、中五个方位的确认，最早可以追溯至殷商时期。

Directions: Translate the following sentences into Chinese and write your answer on the ANSWER SHEET

61、 Before western medicine entered China in the late 19th century, traditional Chinese medicine had been there for thousands of years, helping people relieve their pain and suffering, and curing diseases. So I could argue that by simply surviving all these years, there must be something that works. There are also quite a few modem medicine that's based on traditional formulas, like Yunnan Baiyao, detoxicating tablets of cow-bezoar (牛黄解毒片) and etc. However, a lot of people approach traditional Chinese medicine in a very wrong way, and because of this relatively modem and mass media approach, traditional Chinese medicine has lost a lot of its advantages.

Part Ⅵ Writing

62、Directions: For this part, you're required to write a composition on the topic Moral Education in My Family based on the outline given in English below. Please write it on the ANSWER SHEET with at least 160 words.

1．More and more attention has been paid to moral education in the family;

2．The reason for advocating moral education in the family;

3．Propose some measures.

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